Pilonidal Sinus: Treatment and Recovery Explained

A pilonidal sinus is a small cavity or tunnel in the skin, usually at the top of the buttock cleft. It often contains hair and can become infected.

Why it develops

It's thought to form when hairs penetrate the skin in the natal cleft and trigger a reaction. It's more common in younger adults, men, and people who sit for long periods or have coarse body hair.

Symptoms

It may cause no trouble, or it can flare into a painful, swollen, sometimes discharging abscess.

Treatment

• An acute abscess usually needs draining to relieve the infection.
• The sinus itself may then be treated definitively — options range from minimally invasive procedures to excision of the affected tissue, depending on the extent and whether it has recurred.

Recovery

Recovery depends on the technique. Some wounds are closed; others are left open to heal gradually, which takes longer but can reduce recurrence. Keeping the area clean and free of hair helps prevent it coming back.

When to seek help

A painful, swollen lump at the top of the buttock cleft, especially if discharging, should be assessed.

This article provides general information and is not a substitute for individual medical advice. Please consult a qualified clinician about your own circumstances.